图表显示随时间的变化

Question

我有 3 个时间点的 BMI 和 HTN 数据，其中 BMI 是连续的，HTN 是分类的。我应该通过折线图（BMI 的连续值和 HTN 的数字）之类的图形显示这 3 次 BMI 和 HTN 的变化。有没有办法在R中做到这一点？我可以在一个图中同时显示两个图吗？谢谢。

<头>

ID	BMI_1	BMI_2	BMI_3	HTN_1	HTN_2	HTN_3
A1	35	37	40	0	0	1
A2	29	32	35	0	1	1
A3	38	39	42	1	1	1
A4	33	34	34	0	0	0

Answer 1

我们可以使用 pivot_longer 将格式重塑为“长”格式并使用 ggplot

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(ggplot2)
df1 %>% 
    pivot_longer(cols = -ID, names_to = c('.value', 'grp'), 
        names_sep = "_") %>% 
    mutate(grp = as.integer(grp)) %>%
    ggplot() + 
     geom_line(aes(x = grp, y = BMI, group = ID, color = ID)) + 
     geom_line(aes(x = grp, y = HTN, group = ID, color = ID)) +
     theme_bw()

---

如果我们想要两个图，可以使用facet_wrap

df1 %>% 
   pivot_longer(cols = -ID) %>% 
   separate(name, into = c('name', 'grp'), convert = TRUE) %>% 
   ggplot(aes(x = grp, y = value, color = ID, group = ID)) + 
     geom_line() + 
     facet_wrap(~ name) + 
     theme_bw()

-输出

scales 可以在 facet_wrap

中修改

  ...
  facet_wrap(~ name, scales = 'free_y') + 
  ...

数据

df1 <- structure(list(ID = c("A1", "A2", "A3", "A4"), BMI_1 = c(35L, 
29L, 38L, 33L), BMI_2 = c(37L, 32L, 39L, 34L), BMI_3 = c(40L, 
35L, 42L, 34L), HTN_1 = c(0L, 0L, 1L, 0L), HTN_2 = c(0L, 1L, 
1L, 0L), HTN_3 = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 0L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-4L))

Answer 2

这是您要找的吗？

library(tidyverse)
df1 %>%
  summarise(across(-ID, mean)) %>%
  pivot_longer(cols = everything(), names_to = c("stat", "time"), names_sep = "_") %>%
  ggplot(aes(time, value, group = stat)) + 
  geom_line() +
  facet_wrap(~stat, scales = "free_y") +
  expand_limits(y = 0)

或者：

df1 %>%
  summarise(across(-ID, mean)) %>%
  pivot_longer(cols = everything(), names_to = c("stat", "time"), names_sep = "_") %>%
  pivot_wider(names_from = stat, values_from = value) %>%
  ggplot(aes(BMI, HTN, label = time)) + 
  geom_path()  +
  geom_label()