我希望使用gmail在R中发送带有附件的电子邮件。我发现sendmailR不能与gmail一起使用，因为它需要身份验证（我无法让它与gmail一起工作所以我认为这是真的，除非有人告诉我我错了，在这种情况下我会发布R输出和错误消息）。我找到了here (LINK)找到的代码段。由于该网站建议代码未格式化为发送附件，但我已经让它发送电子邮件。我想扩展此代码以发送附件（在电子邮件通信中，此代码的作者无法扩展代码以发送附件）。
我想使用gmail发送带有R的电子邮件。我是一个拥有2.14 beta版R的Windows 7用户。
发送电子邮件但不发送附件的代码：
require(rJython)
rJython <- rJython()
rJython$exec( "import smtplib" )
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEText import MIMEText")
rJython$exec("import email.utils")
mail<-c(
#Email settings
"fromaddr = 'bigbird@gmail.com'",
"toaddrs = 'oscarthegrouch@gmail.com'",
"msg = MIMEText('This is the body of the message.')",
"msg['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('sender name', fromaddr))",
"msg['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('recipient name', toaddrs))",
"msg['Subject'] = 'Simple test message'",
#SMTP server credentials
"username = 'bigbird@gmail.com'",
"password = 'pw'",
#Set SMTP server and send email, e.g., google mail SMTP server
"server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')",
"server.ehlo()",
"server.starttls()",
"server.ehlo()",
"server.login(username,password)",
"server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg.as_string())",
"server.quit()")
jython.exec(rJython,mail)
请注意，此消息在talkstats.com上发布。我没有在那里收到回复（只是成员告诉我他们希望他们能帮忙）。如果我收到一个可行的解决方案，我也会在那里发布。
答案 0 :(得分：17)
您正在R环境中运行Jython代码，因此您正在寻找一种使用Jython语言而不是R来发送附件的方法。
由于Jython基本上是Python，因此这里是一种发送带有Python附件的电子邮件的方法：How to send email attachments with Python。
你只需要将这些代码整合到你的代码中。
答案 1 :(得分：6)
这里有一个有效且运作良好的回复：
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Email-out-of-R-code-td3530671.html
感谢nutterb从rhelp列表中获得答案。感谢所有试图帮助我的人，并对我对蟒蛇的无知感到耐心。
答案 2 :(得分：5)
选项1：对于sendmailR，您似乎遇到了端口25的附加问题。在使用{sendmail_options(smtpPort = 587)之前，您应该可以通过sendmail()指定目标端口1}}命令。
我不确定这会解决您的其他问题，但它应该能为您提供合适的端口。
选项2：如果您想调用Python脚本，this one看起来最相关。您可能会发现最容易进行令牌替换，即使用基本脚本，放入您将要找到的字符串（即令牌）和＆amp;替换（即替换为您想要的字符串），然后执行修改后的脚本。
例如，使用上面链接中的脚本（在本地目录中保存为“sendmail_base.py”）：
BasePy = scan("sendmail_base.py", what = "character", sep = "\n")
OutPy = gsub("your_email@gmail.com", "yourRealEmailAddress", InFile)
OutPy = gsub("your_password", "yourRealPassword", OutFile)
等等，用你想要使用的文本字符串替换标题，收件人等，以及附件文件名的规范相同。最后，您可以将输出保存到新的Python文件并执行它：
cat(OutPy, file = "sendmail_new.py", sep = "\n")
system("chmod u+x sendmail_new.py; ./sendmail_new.py")
虽然这是一种非常天真的方法，但它很简单，脚本的调试只涉及检查输出Python程序是否正常以及R是否生成正确的输出Python程序。这与调试R通过各种包和语言传递对象的内容形成对比。
答案 3 :(得分：3)
我今天从rhelp listserve中看到了这段代码。也许它会有所帮助：
send.email <- function(to, from, subject, message, attachment=NULL, username, password,
server="smtp.gmail.com:587", confirmBeforeSend=TRUE){
# to: a list object of length 1. Using list("Recipient" ="recip@somewhere.net") will send the message to the address but
# the name will appear instead of the address.
# from: a list object of length 1. Same behavior as 'to'
# subject: Character(1) giving the subject line.
# message: Character(1) giving the body of the message
# attachment: Character(1) giving the location of the attachment
# username: character(1) giving the username. If missing and you are using Windows, R will prompt you for the username.
# password: character(1) giving the password. If missing and you are using Windows, R will prompt you for the password.
# server: character(1) giving the smtp server.
# confirmBeforeSend: Logical. If True, a dialog box appears seeking confirmation before sending the e-mail. This is to
# prevent me to send multiple updates to a collaborator while I am working interactively.
if (!is.list(to) | !is.list(from)) stop("'to' and 'from' must be lists")
if (length(from) > 1) stop("'from' must have length 1")
if (length(to) > 1) stop("'send.email' currently only supports one recipient e-mail address")
if (length(attachment) > 1) stop("'send.email' can currently send only one attachment")
if (length(message) > 1){
stop("'message' must be of length 1")
message <- paste(message, collapse="\\n\\n")
}
if (is.null(names(to))) names(to) <- to
if (is.null(names(from))) names(from) <- from
if (!is.null(attachment)) if (!file.exists(attachment)) stop(paste("'",
attachment, "' does not exist!", sep=""))
if (missing(username)) username <- winDialogString("Please enter your
e-mail username", "")
if (missing(password)) password <- winDialogString("Please enter your
e-mail password", "")
require(rJython)
rJython <- rJython()
rJython$exec("import smtplib")
rJython$exec("import os")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEText import MIMEText")
rJython$exec("from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate")
rJython$exec("from email import Encoders")
rJython$exec("import email.utils")
mail<-c(
#Email settings
paste("fromaddr = '", from, "'", sep=""),
paste("toaddrs = '", to, "'", sep=""),
"msg = MIMEMultipart()",
paste("msg.attach(MIMEText('", message, "'))", sep=""),
paste("msg['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('", names(from), "',
fromaddr))", sep=""),
paste("msg['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('", names(to), "',
toaddrs))",
sep=""),
paste("msg['Subject'] = '", subject, "'", sep=""))
if (!is.null(attachment)){
mail <- c(mail,
paste("f = '", attachment, "'", sep=""),
"part=MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')",
"part.set_payload(open(f, 'rb').read())",
"Encoders.encode_base64(part)",
"part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;
filename=\"%s\"' %
os.path.basename(f))",
"msg.attach(part)")
}
#SMTP server credentials
mail <- c(mail,
paste("username = '", username, "'", sep=""),
paste("password = '", password, "'", sep=""),
#Set SMTP server and send email, e.g., google mail SMTP server
paste("server = smtplib.SMTP('", server, "')", sep=""),
"server.ehlo()",
"server.starttls()",
"server.ehlo()",
"server.login(username,password)",
"server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg.as_string())",
"server.quit()")
message.details <-
paste("To: ", names(to), " (", unlist(to), ")", "\n",
"From: ", names(from), " (", unlist(from), ")",
"\n",
"Using server: ", server, "\n",
"Subject: ", subject, "\n",
"With Attachments: ", attachment, "\n",
"And the message:\n", message, "\n", sep="")
if (confirmBeforeSend)
SEND <- winDialog("yesnocancel", paste("Are you sure you want to send
this e-mail to ", unlist(to), "?", sep=""))
else SEND <- "YES"
if (SEND %in% "YES"){
jython.exec(rJython,mail)
cat(message.details)
}
else cat("E-mail Delivery was Canceled by the User")
现在我尝试一下：
x<-paste(getwd(),"/Eercise 6.doc",sep="")
send.email(list("bigbird@gmail.com"), list("bigbird@gmail.com"), 'dogs',
'I sent it!', attachment=x, 'bigbird@gmail.com', 'mypassword',
server="smtp.gmail.com:587", confirmBeforeSend=FALSE)
和错误：
> x<-paste(getwd(),"/Eercise 6.doc",sep="")
>send.email(list("bigbird@gmail.com"), list("bigbird@gmail.com"), 'dogs',
+ 'I sent it!', attachment=x, 'bigbird@gmail.com', 'mypassword',
+ server="smtp.gmail.com:587", confirmBeforeSend=FALSE)
Error in .jcall("RJavaTools", "Ljava/lang/Object;", "invokeMethod", cl, :
SyntaxError: ("mismatched character '\\n' expecting '''", ('<string>', 15,
52, "\tpart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment;\n"))
答案 4 :(得分：2)
查看可以发送附件的包sendmailR。要让sendmail在Mac上使用gmail，需要进行一些额外的调整，但是您可以使用Google搜索找到执行此操作的说明。
答案 5 :(得分：1)
您可以为新的mailR包提供允许SMTP授权的镜头：http://rpremraj.github.io/mailR/
然后应该进行以下调用：
27/05/14：编辑以下示例，演示如何通过R发送附件：
send.mail(from = "sender@gmail.com",
to = c("recipient1@gmail.com", "recipient2@gmail.com"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "Body of the email",
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE,
attach.files = c("./download.log", "upload.log"),
file.names = c("Download log", "Upload log"), # optional parameter
file.descriptions = c("Description for download log", "Description for upload log"))
答案 6 :(得分：1)
使用R使用Gmail时，可以使用最佳工作示例here。 它的基本内容如下：
Google Developers Console中用于管理您对Gmail API的使用的项目
Jim Hester的gmailr R软件包，它封装了Gmail API（在GitHub上开发）
用于数据争论的plyr和dplyr软件包（如果您愿意，可以使用基础R执行此操作）
addresses.csv包含由密钥标识的电子邮件地址的文件。在我们的例子中，学生姓名。
marks.csv包含您计划发送的电子邮件的可变位的文件，包括与上述相同的标识密钥。在我们的例子中，作业标记。
脚本send-email-with-r.r
答案 7 :(得分：0)
为了方便起见，在此处粘贴上面一个link的代码
send.email <- function(to, from, subject,
message, attachment=NULL,
username, password,
server="smtp.gmail.com:587",
confirmBeforeSend=TRUE){
# to: a list object of length 1. Using list("Recipient" = "recip@somewhere.net") will send the message to the address but
# the name will appear instead of the address.
# from: a list object of length 1. Same behavior as 'to'
# subject: Character(1) giving the subject line.
# message: Character(1) giving the body of the message
# attachment: Character(1) giving the location of the attachment
# username: character(1) giving the username. If missing and you are using Windows, R will prompt you for the username.
# password: character(1) giving the password. If missing and you are using Windows, R will prompt you for the password.
# server: character(1) giving the smtp server.
# confirmBeforeSend: Logical. If True, a dialog box appears seeking confirmation before sending the e-mail. This is to
# prevent me to send multiple updates to a collaborator while I am working interactively.
if (!is.list(to) | !is.list(from)) stop("'to' and 'from' must be lists")
if (length(from) > 1) stop("'from' must have length 1")
if (length(to) > 1) stop("'send.email' currently only supports one recipient e-mail address")
if (length(attachment) > 1) stop("'send.email' can currently send only one attachment")
if (length(message) > 1){
stop("'message' must be of length 1")
message <- paste(message, collapse="\\n\\n")
}
if (is.null(names(to))) names(to) <- to
if (is.null(names(from))) names(from) <- from
if (!is.null(attachment)) if (!file.exists(attachment)) stop(paste("'", attachment, "' does not exist!", sep=""))
if (missing(username)) username <- winDialogString("Please enter your e-mail username", "")
if (missing(password)) password <- winDialogString("Please enter your e-mail password", "")
require(rJython)
rJython <- rJython()
rJython$exec("import smtplib")
rJython$exec("import os")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase")
rJython$exec("from email.MIMEText import MIMEText")
rJython$exec("from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate")
rJython$exec("from email import Encoders")
rJython$exec("import email.utils")
mail<-c(
#Email settings
paste("fromaddr = '", from, "'", sep=""),
paste("toaddrs = '", to, "'", sep=""),
"msg = MIMEMultipart()",
paste("msg.attach(MIMEText('", message, "'))", sep=""),
paste("msg['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('", names(from), "', fromaddr))", sep=""),
paste("msg['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('", names(to), "', toaddrs))", sep=""),
paste("msg['Subject'] = '", subject, "'", sep=""))
if (!is.null(attachment)){
mail <- c(mail,
paste("f = '", attachment, "'", sep=""),
"part=MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')",
"part.set_payload(open(f, 'rb').read())",
"Encoders.encode_base64(part)",
"part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename=\"%s\"' % os.path.basename(f))",
"msg.attach(part)")
}
#SMTP server credentials
mail <- c(mail,
paste("username = '", username, "'", sep=""),
paste("password = '", password, "'", sep=""),
#Set SMTP server and send email, e.g., google mail SMTP server
paste("server = smtplib.SMTP('", server, "')", sep=""),
"server.ehlo()",
"server.starttls()",
"server.ehlo()",
"server.login(username,password)",
"server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg.as_string())",
"server.quit()")
message.details <-
paste("To: ", names(to), " (", unlist(to), ")", "\n",
"From: ", names(from), " (", unlist(from), ")", "\n",
"Using server: ", server, "\n",
"Subject: ", subject, "\n",
"With Attachments: ", attachment, "\n",
"And the message:\n", message, "\n", sep="")
if (confirmBeforeSend)
SEND <- winDialog("yesnocancel", paste("Are you sure you want to send this e-mail to ", unlist(to), "?", sep=""))
else SEND <- "YES"
if (SEND %in% "YES"){
jython.exec(rJython,mail)
cat(message.details)
}
else cat("E-mail Delivery was Canceled by the User")
}