如何使用正则表达式替换匹配保留大小写？

Question

如何使用单个正则表达式将所有单词town替换为village，并保留每个匹配的第一个字母的大小写？

示例输入：

Towns are small cities. I live in a town.

期望的输出：

Villages are small cities. I live in a village.

Answer 1

$_ = "Towns are small cities. I live in a town.\n";

s{ \b (?: (T)|(t) ) own       }
 { $1 ? "Village" : "village" }xge;

print;

# prints: Villages are small cities. I live in a village.