我仍然对将Delphi userdata注册到Lua感到困惑。教我学习实现日期（时间）类型的原则。
一开始，这种类型应该有三个Lua可以访问的功能：
new函数。getdate功能。setdate功能。最后这个小Lua-Script应该可以工作：
DT = DateTime.new()
DT:setdate(1, 1, 2011)
day, month, year = DT:getdate()
print("Day: " .. day .. " Month: " .. month .." Year: " .. year)
我试图自己实现它（使用Programming in Lua书），但我在第2行收到错误说：_attempt to index global 'DT' (a userdata value)_。我可能在用户数据注册时出错了但我有找不到错误。
我希望你能帮助我找到它，这是我已经得到的：
Const
MetaPosDateTime = 'DateTime';
Type
tLuaDateTime = tDateTime;
pLuaDateTime = ^tLuaDateTime;
Function newdatetime(aState : pLua_State) : longint; cdecl;
Var
NewData : pLuaDateTime;
Begin
Result := 0;
NewData := lua_newuserdata(aState, SizeOf(tLuaDateTime));
NewData^ := now;
luaL_newmetatable(aState, MetaPosDateTime);
lua_setmetatable(aState, -2);
Result := 1;
End;
Function setdate(aState : pLua_State) : longint; cdecl;
Var
DT : pLuaDateTime;
ParamType : integer;
day, month, year : lua_Integer;
Begin
Result := 0;
DT := luaL_checkudata(aState, 1, MetaPosDateTime);
luaL_argcheck(aState, DT <> Nil, 1, 'DataTime expected');
ParamType := lua_type(aState, 2);
If (ParamType = LUA_TTABLE) Then
Begin
{ GetData from Table }
End
Else
Begin // param order must be: day, month, year
day := luaL_checkinteger(aState, 2);
month := luaL_checkinteger(aState, 3);
year := luaL_checkinteger(aState, 4);
End;
DT^:= EncodeDate(year, month, day);
End;
Function getdate(aState : pLua_State) : longint; cdecl;
Var
DT : pLuaDateTime;
Day, Month, Year : Word;
Begin
DT := luaL_checkudata(aState, 1, MetaPosDateTime);
luaL_argcheck(aState, DT <> Nil, 1, 'DataTime expected');
DecodeDate(DT^, Year, Month, Day);
lua_pushinteger(aState, Day);
lua_pushinteger(aState, Month);
lua_pushinteger(aState, Year);
End;
Procedure RegisterDateTime(aState : pLua_State; aName: string);
Var
Funcs : packed Array[0..3] of luaL_reg;
Begin
Funcs[0].name := 'new';
Funcs[0].func := newdatetime;
Funcs[1].name := 'setdate';
Funcs[1].func := setdate;
Funcs[2].name := 'getdate';
Funcs[2].func := getdate;
Funcs[3].name := Nil;
Funcs[3].func := Nil;
luaL_register(aState, PAnsiChar(aName), Funcs[0]);
End;
因为我不确定luaL_register函数（它只能通过创建一个必须用require调用的库来工作吗？）我还尝试用这个替换RegisterDateTime函数：< / p>
Type
tLuaFuncDef = Record
FuncName : string;
Func : Lua_CFunction;
End;
tLuaFuncList = Array of tLuaFuncDef;
Procedure RegisterLuaObject(aState : pLua_State; aObjectName: string; aFuncList: tLuaFuncList);
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
If (aObjectName = '') Or (High(aFuncList) < 0) Then
Exit;
lua_newtable(aState);
For i := Low(aFuncList) To High(aFuncList) Do
If Assigned(aFuncList[i].Func) And Not (aFuncList[i].FuncName = '') Then
Begin
lua_pushcfunction(aState, aFuncList[i].Func);
lua_setfield(aState, -2, pAnsiChar(aFuncList[i].FuncName));
End;
lua_SetGlobal(aState, pAnsiChar(aObjectName));
End;
Procedure RegisterDateTime(aState : pLua_State, aName: string);
Var
FuncList : tLuaFuncList;
Begin
SetLength(FuncList, 3);
FuncList[0].FuncName := 'new';
FuncList[0].Func := newdatetime;
FuncList[1].FuncName := 'setdate';
FuncList[1].Func := setdate;
FuncList[2].FuncName := 'getdate';
FuncList[2].Func := getdate;
RegisterLuaObject(aState, aName, FuncList);
End;
不幸的是，两个版本的RegisterDateTime的效果（errormessage;）都是一样的。在脚本启动之前，我们在Delphi程序中直接调用它们（我通过在“RegisterDateTime”和“newdatetime”中设置断点来确保这一点。这两个函数都按此顺序调用。所以我的错误必须是这两个函数之一。我我几乎可以肯定这是一件简单的事情，但我不敢看到它。:(
答案 0 :(得分：3)
今天我推动了这个项目的大重置按钮，并完全重新启动了我的LuaDateTime-Type的实现，这一天我做对了。现在我想以任何遇到同样问题的人为例发布我的解决方案。
昨天我最大的错误就是忘记设置myatable的__index字段。 Lua userdata的Delphi实现如下所示：
implementation
Uses
LuaLib,
LauXLib,
SysUtils;
Type
tLuaDateTime = tDateTime;
pLuaDateTime = ^tLuaDateTime;
Const
PosMetaTaleLuaDateTime = 'metatables.LuaDateTime';
PosLuaDateTime = 'datetime';
Function checkLuaDateTime(L : Plua_State) : pLuaDateTime; // raises error if first (self) parameter is not of type metatables.LuaDateTime
Begin
Result := luaL_checkudata(L, 1, PosMetaTaleLuaDateTime);
End;
Function newLuaDateTime(L : pLua_State) : LongInt; cdecl;
Var
a : pLuaDateTime;
Begin
a := lua_newuserdata(L, SizeOf(tLuaDateTime)); // Get Mem of Usertype
a^ := now; // Init Value
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, PosMetaTaleLuaDateTime);
lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
Result := 1;
End;
Function setLuaDateTime(L : pLua_State) : LongInt; cdecl;
Var
a : pLuaDateTime;
day, month, year : Integer;
Begin
a := checkLuaDateTime(L);
// get params day, month and year
day := luaL_checkint(L, 2);
month := luaL_checkint(L, 3);
year := luaL_checkint(L, 4);
// check Param Values
luaL_argcheck(L, (day >= 1) and (day < 32), 2, 'day out of range');
luaL_argcheck(L, (month >= 1) and (month < 13), 3, 'month out of range');
a^ := EncodeDate(year, month, day);
Result := 0;
End;
Function getLuaDateTime(L : pLua_State) : LongInt; cdecl;
Var
a : pLuaDateTime;
day, month, year : Word;
Begin
a := checkLuaDateTime(L);
DecodeDate(a^, year, month, day);
// push 3 results of function
lua_pushinteger(L, day);
lua_pushinteger(L, month);
lua_pushinteger(L, year);
Result := 3;
End;
Function LuaDateTime2string(L : pLua_State) : LongInt; cdecl;
Var
a : pLuaDateTime;
Begin
a := checkLuaDateTime(L);
lua_pushstring(L, pAnsiChar(FormatDateTime('c', a^)));
Result := 1;
End;
Const
LuaDateTimeLib_f : packed Array[0..1] of luaL_reg = // Normal functions (no self)
(
(name: 'new'; func: newLuaDateTime),
(name: Nil; func: Nil)
);
LuaDateTimeLib_m : packed Array[0..3] of luaL_reg = // methods of class (need self)
(
(name: '__tostring'; func: LuaDateTime2string),
(name: 'set'; func: setLuaDateTime),
(name: 'get'; func: getLuaDateTime),
(name: Nil; func: Nil)
);
Function luaopen_LuaDateTime(L : pLua_State) : LongInt; cdecl;
Begin
luaL_newmetatable(L, PosMetaTaleLuaDateTime);
// Metatable.__index = Metatable
lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
lua_setfield(L, -2, '__index');
luaL_register(L, Nil, LuaDateTimeLib_m[0]);
luaL_register(L,PosLuaDateTime, LuaDateTimeLib_f[0]);
Result := 1;
End;
你必须从Delphi调用luaopen_LuaDateTime来注册Lua-State中的类型。完成后，您可以像这样运行Lua脚本：
dt = datetime.new()
day, month, year = dt:get()
print ("Day: " .. day .. " Month: " .. month .. " Year: " .. year)
dt:set(1, 2, 1903)
day, month, year = dt:get()
print ("Day: " .. day .. " Month: " .. month .. " Year: " .. year)
我希望这对其他人有帮助。