在C#中反转单个链表

时间:2011-12-31 03:57:58

标签: c#

我正在尝试撤消链接列表。这是我提出的代码:

 public static void Reverse(ref Node root)
 {
      Node tmp = root;
      Node nroot = null;
      Node prev = null;

      while (tmp != null)
      {
          //Make a new node and copy tmp
          nroot = new Node();    
          nroot.data = tmp.data;

          nroot.next = prev;
          prev = nroot;   
          tmp = tmp.next;
       }
       root = nroot;            
  }

运作良好。想知道是否有可能避免创建新节点。想对此提出建议。

13 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:52)

这个问题经常被问到。当我多年前在我的采访中被问到这个问题时,我的理由如下:单链表基本上是一个堆栈。因此,反转链表是对栈的一个简单操作:

newList = emptyList;
while(!oldList.IsEmpty())
    newList.Push(oldList.Pop());

现在你所要做的就是实现IsEmpty和Push and Pop,它们是一行或两行。

我在大约二十秒钟内写出来,面试官在这一点上似乎有些困惑。我想他希望我花大约20分钟做大约20秒的工作,这对我来说一直都很奇怪。

答案 1 :(得分:46)

Node p = root, n = null;
while (p != null) {
    Node tmp = p.next;
    p.next = n;
    n = p;
    p = tmp;
}
root = n;

答案 2 :(得分:5)

您无需复印。一些伪代码:

prev = null;
current = head;
next = current->next;

(while next != null)
    current->next=prev
    prev=current
    current=next
    next=current->next

答案 3 :(得分:4)

多年前,我错过了一个时髦的洛杉矶娱乐公司ASP.NET MVC开发人员的位置,因为我无法回答这个问题:((这是一种淘汰非计算机科学专业的方法。)所以我很尴尬地承认,使用实际的LinkedList<T>在LINQpad中解决这个问题花了我太长时间:

var linkedList = new LinkedList<int>(new[]{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10});
linkedList.Dump("initial state");

var head = linkedList.First;
while (head.Next != null)
{
    var next = head.Next;
    linkedList.Remove(next);
    linkedList.AddFirst(next.Value);
}

linkedList.Dump("final state");

只读LinkedListNode<T>.Next属性使LinkedList<T>如此重要。 (鼓励非comp-sci人研究数据结构的历史 - 我们应该问一个问题, linked list 来自哪里---为什么呢存在吗?)

答案 4 :(得分:2)

为什么不只是在尾部有头点,头部有尾点,并通过列表反转prev点的方向?

如果您没有使用头部和尾部,只需通过列出逆转prev关系的列表,然后在您到达时将头部指向具有null prev的那个。

答案 5 :(得分:2)

public Node ReverseList(Node cur, Node prev)
    {
        if (cur == null) // if list is null
            return cur;

        Node n = cur.NextNode;
        cur.NextNode = prev;
        return (n == null) ? cur : ReverseList(n, cur);
    }

答案 6 :(得分:1)

链接列表反转递归

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ReverseLinkedList
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Node head = null;
            LinkedList.Append(ref head, 25);
            LinkedList.Append(ref head, 5);
            LinkedList.Append(ref head, 18);
            LinkedList.Append(ref head, 7);

            Console.WriteLine("Linked list:");
            LinkedList.Print(head);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Reversed Linked list:");
            LinkedList.Reverse(ref head);
            LinkedList.Print(head);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Reverse of Reversed Linked list:");
            LinkedList.ReverseUsingRecursion(head);
            head = LinkedList.newHead;
            LinkedList.PrintRecursive(head);
        }

        public static class LinkedList
        {
            public static void Append(ref Node head, int data)
            {
                if (head != null)
                {
                    Node current = head;
                    while (current.Next != null)
                    {
                        current = current.Next;
                    }

                    current.Next = new Node();
                    current.Next.Data = data;
                }
                else
                {
                    head = new Node();
                    head.Data = data;
                }
            }

            public static void Print(Node head)
            {
                if (head == null) return;
                Node current = head;
                do
                {
                    Console.Write("{0} ", current.Data);
                    current = current.Next;
                } while (current != null);
            }

            public static void PrintRecursive(Node head)
            {
                if (head == null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine();
                    return;
                }
                Console.Write("{0} ", head.Data);
                PrintRecursive(head.Next);
            }

            public static void Reverse(ref Node head)
            {
                if (head == null) return;
                Node prev = null, current = head, next = null;
                while (current.Next != null)
                {
                    next = current.Next;
                    current.Next = prev;
                    prev = current;
                    current = next;
                }
                current.Next = prev;
                head = current;
            }

            public static Node newHead;

            public static void ReverseUsingRecursion(Node head)
            {
                if (head == null) return;
                if (head.Next == null)
                {
                    newHead = head;
                    return;
                }

                ReverseUsingRecursion(head.Next);
                head.Next.Next = head;
                head.Next = null;
            }
        }

        public class Node
        {
            public int Data = 0;
            public Node Next = null;
        }
    }
}

答案 7 :(得分:0)

这是一个反转链表的示例代码。

使用System;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        LinkItem item = generateLinkList(5);
        printLinkList(item);
        Console.WriteLine("Reversing the list ...");
        LinkItem newItem = reverseLinkList(item);
        printLinkList(newItem);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    static public LinkItem generateLinkList(int total)
    {
        LinkItem item = new LinkItem();
        for (int number = total; number >=1; number--)
        {
            item = new LinkItem
            {
                name = string.Format("I am the link item number {0}.", number),
                next = (number == total) ? null : item
            };
        }
        return item;
    }

    static public void printLinkList(LinkItem item)
    {
        while (item != null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.name);
            item = item.next;
        }
    }

    static public LinkItem reverseLinkList(LinkItem item)
    {
        LinkItem newItem = new LinkItem
        {
            name = item.name,
            next = null
        };

        while (item.next != null)
        {
            newItem = new LinkItem
            {
                name = item.next.name,
                next = newItem
            };

            item = item.next;
        }

        return newItem;
    }
}

class LinkItem
{
    public string name;
    public LinkItem next;
}

答案 8 :(得分:0)

复杂度O(n + m)。假设head是起始节点:

List<Node>Nodes = new List<Node>();
Node traverse= root;
while(traverse!=null)
{      
       Nodes.Add(traverse);
       traverse = traverse.Next;

}

int i = Nodes.Count - 1;     
root = Nodes[i];
for(; i>0; i--)
{
  Nodes[i].Next = Nodes[i-1];
}
Nodes[0].Next=null;

答案 9 :(得分:0)

如果需要现成的高效实现,我创建了LinkedList的替代方法,该方法支持枚举和反向操作。 https://github.com/NetFabric/NetFabric.DoubleLinkedList

答案 10 :(得分:0)

这在Leetcode上表现很好。

public ListNode ReverseList(ListNode head) {

        ListNode previous = null;
        ListNode current = head; 
        while(current != null) {
            ListNode nextTemp = current.next;
            current.next = previous;
            previous = current;
            current = nextTemp;
        }

        return previous;
    }     

答案 11 :(得分:0)

    public class Node<T>
    {
        public T Value { get; set; }
        public Node<T> Next { get; set; }
    } 

    public static Node<T> Reverse<T>(Node<T> head)
    {
        Node<T> tail = null;

        while(head!=null)
        {
            var node = new Node<T> { Value = head.Value, Next = tail };
            tail = node;
            head = head.Next;
        }

        return tail;
    }

答案 12 :(得分:-3)

ref的定义是不必要的,因为如果将节点作为引用类型,则可以这样做:

public static void Reverse(Node root)

此外,面试问题的美妙之处在于减少记忆消耗和反转。也许还会提出一种递归的方式。

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