如何评估ExpressionVisitor中的表达式?

时间:2012-01-06 21:18:37

标签: c# c#-4.0 lambda expression-trees expressionvisitor

在执行Expression之前,我需要使用ExpressionVisitor来分析它。根据我的需要,我需要评估Divide表达式的正确部分,但我不知道该怎么做。这是我的示例代码:

internal class RulesChecker : ExpressionVisitor
{
    private readonly object data;

    public RulesChecker(object data)
    {
        this.data = data;
    }

    protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
    {
        if (node.NodeType == ExpressionType.Divide)
        {
            var rightExpression = node.Right;

            // compile the right expression and get his value            
        }

        return base.VisitBinary(node);
    }
}

假设我有这个代码来评估:

Expression<Func<DataInfo, decimal?>> expression = x => x.A / (x.B + x.C);
var rulesChecker = new RulesChecker(data);
rulesChecker.Visit(expression);

在VisitBinary函数中,我将收到一个节点,该节点将包含除法运算的左右部分。我的问题是,我如何评估我将在操作的正确部分获得的价值?

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

我认为这个问题最困难的部分是处理变量。所以我首先要替换常量变量。之后,您只需执行并更新Expression。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
    static class Program
    {
        [STAThread]
        static void Main()
        {
            var value1 = 1;
            var value2 = 2;
            var value3 = new { MyValue = 3 };
            var data = new DataInfo { A = 10, B = 1, C = -1 };

            Expression<Func<DataInfo, decimal?>> expression = x => x.A / (x.B + x.C) + (value1 + value2) + value3.MyValue;

            // create a list of variables that will be used when evaluating the expression
            var variables = new Dictionary<Type, object>();

            // add the root object
            variables.Add(data.GetType(), data);

            // find variables that are referenced in the expression
            var finder = new VariablesFinder(variables);
            finder.Visit(expression);

            // replace variables with ConstantExpressions
            var visitor = new VariableReplacer(variables);
            var newExpression = visitor.Visit(expression);

            var rulesChecker = new RulesChecker();
            var checkedExpression = rulesChecker.Visit(newExpression);
        }
    }

    internal class RulesChecker : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
        {
            if (node.NodeType == ExpressionType.Divide)
            {
                var rightBinaryExpression = node.Right as BinaryExpression;

                if (rightBinaryExpression != null)
                {
                    node = node.Update(node.Left, node.Conversion, this.Execute(rightBinaryExpression));
                }
            }

            return base.VisitBinary(node);
        }

        private Expression Execute(BinaryExpression node)
        {
            var lambda = Expression.Lambda(node);
            dynamic func = lambda.Compile();
            var result = func();

            return Expression.Constant(result, result.GetType());
        }
    }

    internal class VariableReplacer : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        private readonly Dictionary<Type, object> _variables;

        public VariableReplacer(Dictionary<Type, object> variables)
        {
            this._variables = variables;
        }

        protected override Expression VisitMember(MemberExpression node)
        {
            return this.HandleProperty(node) ??
                   this.HandleField(node) ??
                   node;
        }

        private Expression HandleField(MemberExpression memberExpression)
        {
            var fieldInfo = memberExpression.Member as FieldInfo;

            if (fieldInfo != null)
            {
                var value = fieldInfo.GetValue(this.GetVarialbe(fieldInfo));

                return Expression.Constant(value, fieldInfo.FieldType);
            }

            return null;
        }

        private Expression HandleProperty(MemberExpression memberExpression)
        {
            var propertyInfo = memberExpression.Member as PropertyInfo;

            if (propertyInfo != null)
            {
                var value = propertyInfo.GetValue(this.GetVarialbe(propertyInfo), null);

                return Expression.Constant(value, propertyInfo.PropertyType);
            }

            return null;
        }

        private object GetVarialbe(MemberInfo memberInfo)
        {
            return this._variables[memberInfo.DeclaringType];
        }
    }

    internal class VariablesFinder : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        private readonly Dictionary<Type, object> _variables;

        public VariablesFinder(Dictionary<Type, object> variables)
        {
            this._variables = variables;
        }

        protected override Expression VisitConstant(ConstantExpression node)
        {
            this.AddVariable(node.Type, node.Value);

            return base.VisitConstant(node);
        }

        private void AddVariable(Type type, object value)
        {
            if (type.IsPrimitive)
            {
                return;
            }

            if (this._variables.Keys.Contains(type))
            {
                return;
            }

            this._variables.Add(type, value);

            var fields = type.GetFields().Where(x => !x.FieldType.IsPrimitive).ToList();

            foreach (var field in fields)
            {
                this.AddVariable(field.FieldType, field.GetValue(value));
            }
        }
    }

    class DataInfo
    {
        public int A { get; set; }
        public int B { get; set; }
        public int C { get; set; }
        public int D;
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:2)

通常你可以使用这个方法来评估lambda表达式(并传递):

protected object EvaluateExpression(Expression expression)
{
    var lambda = Expression.Lambda(expression);

    var compiled = lambda.Compile();

    var value = compiled.DynamicInvoke(null);
    return value;
}

但是,在您的情况下,这将无效,因为您尝试评估的表达式取决于x,除非您为其指定具体值,否则无法对其进行评估,如Wiktor建议的那样。 / p>

为了指定参数的值,您需要修改方法:

protected static object EvaluateExpression(Expression expression, ParameterExpression parameterX)
{
    var lambda = Expression.Lambda(expression, parameterX);

    var compiled = lambda.Compile();

    return compiled.DynamicInvoke(5); 
            // 5 here is the actual parameter value. change it to whatever you wish
}

但是,此版本的方法必须将ExpressionParameter对象作为参数,该对象表示表达式中的x,以便它知道如何处理传递给DynamicInvoke()的值。

为了获得适当的ExpressionParameter对象,您需要访问根表达式,而不是访问其中一个节点,所以我想在访问者中进行访问会很尴尬。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

如果我理解正确,您希望将访问表达式的结果返回到已修改的表达式树,该表达式树具有以某种方式评估的分区的右侧。您可以使用Update的{​​{1}}方法将右侧节点替换为您的值:

BinaryExpression

在此代码中,protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node) { if (node.NodeType == ExpressionType.Divide) { var rightExpression = node.Right; // compile the right expression and get his value var newRightExpression = Evaluate(rightExpression); return node.Update(node.Left, node.Conversion, newRightExpression); } return base.VisitBinary(node); } 必须是继承自newRightExpression的类型。如果正确的节点评估为Expression值,那么您需要将其包装在double中:

ConstantExpression

答案 3 :(得分:1)

我认为@ w0lf是正确的道路。

要从访问者中获取参数,您需要覆盖VisitLambda。最好的方法是覆盖访问者的每个可用方法,并将参数传递给所有方法。

另一种方法是保存最新参数。实际上,参数数组在整个lambda表达式中都是相同的。

这是一段代码,将除法运算的右侧乘以2并将其替换为原始表达式,假设右侧和左侧都是double类型。

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Expression<Func<DateTime, double>> abc = v => 1.0d * v.Ticks / (v.Month + v.Minute);

        MyExpressionVisitor mev = new MyExpressionVisitor(DateTime.Now);
        var ret = mev.Visit(abc);
    }
}

internal class MyExpressionVisitor : ExpressionVisitor
{
    IEnumerable<ParameterExpression> _parameters = null;
    object _parameterValue = null;

    public MyExpressionVisitor(object valueOfParameter)
    {
        _parameterValue = valueOfParameter;
    }

    protected override Expression VisitLambda<T>(Expression<T> node)
    {
        _parameters = node.Parameters;

        return base.VisitLambda<T>(node);
    }

    protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
    {
        if (_parameters != null)
        {
            // Evaluate right node.
            var value = EvaluateExpression(node.Right, _parameters.ToArray(), _parameterValue);

            // substitute value with 2 * value.
            var newRight = Expression.Constant(value * 2);

            var ret = node.Update(node.Left, node.Conversion, newRight);

            return ret;
        }
        return base.VisitBinary(node);
    }

    protected double EvaluateExpression(Expression expression, ParameterExpression[] parameters, object parameterValue)
    {
        var lambda = Expression.Lambda(expression, parameters);

        var compiled = lambda.Compile();

        var value = compiled.DynamicInvoke(parameterValue);
        return Convert.ToDouble(value);
    }
}