将DataTable转换为强类型对象的列表

时间:2012-02-08 18:42:56

标签: c# .net generics reflection ado.net

我正在尝试编写一个将DataTable转换为强类型对象列表的通用方法。

到目前为止,我正在使用的代码是......

public List<T> ImportTable<T>(String fileName, String table)
{
    //Establish Connection to Access Database File
    var mdbData = new ConnectToAccess(@"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=F:\ACCESS\" + fileName + ".mdb;");

    var tableData = new List<T>();

    foreach (DataRow row in mdbData.GetData("SELECT * FROM " + table).Rows)
    {
        tableData.Add(ConvertRowToType<T>(row));
    }

    return tableData;
}

public T ConvertRowToType<T>(DataRow row)
{
    //??? What is the best thing to do here ???        
}

如果任何人的建议需要更改,我不会注意这段代码。

所以让我说我把这个函数称为传递类型......

public class mdbConcern
{
    public Int32 ConcernId { get; set; }
    public String Concern { get; set; }
}

DataTable中的数据看起来像......

ConcernID  Concern
1          Law and Ethics
2          Mail
3          Business English
...        ...

实现ConvertRowToType(DataRow行)方法的最佳方法是什么?

有人可以告诉我如何使用Func作为其中一个参数,以便传递一些映射信息吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:8)

我认为extension method是最好的方式:

public static class Helper
{
    public static T ToType<T>(this DataRow row) where T : new()
    {
        T obj = new T();
        var props = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(obj);
        foreach (PropertyDescriptor prop in props)
        {
            if(row.Table.Columns.IndexOf(prop.Name) >= 0 
                && row[prop.Name].GetType() == prop.PropertyType)
            {   
                prop.SetValue(obj, row[prop.Name]);
            }
        }
        return obj;
    }
}

用法:

public List<T> ImportTable<T>(String fileName, String table)
{
    //Establish Connection to Access Database File
    var mdbData = new ConnectToAccess(@"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=F:\ACCESS\" + fileName + ".mdb;");

    var tableData = new List<T>();

    foreach (DataRow row in mdbData.GetData("SELECT * FROM " + table).Rows)
    {
        tableData.Add(row.ToType<T>());
    }

    return tableData;
}

更新我看到您要求提供映射的Func。我不确定你想象的是什么,但这是我想出的方法:

public class mdbConcern
{
    public Int32 ConcernId { get; set; }
    public String Concern { get; set; }

    public static PropertyDescriptor Mapping(string name)
    {
        PropertyDescriptorCollection props = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(mdbConcern));
        switch (name)
        {
            case "Concern_Id":
                return props.GetByName("ConcernId");
            case "Concern":
                return props.GetByName("Concern");
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }
}

public static class Helper
{
    public static T ToType<T>(this DataRow row, Func<string, PropertyDescriptor> mapping) 
       where T : new()
    {
        T obj = new T();        
        foreach (DataColumn col in row.Table.Columns)
        {
            var prop = mapping(col.ColumnName);
            if(prop != null)
                prop.SetValue(obj, row[col]);
        }
        return obj;
    }
}

用法:

foreach (DataRow row in mdbData.GetData("SELECT * FROM " + table).Rows)
{
    tableData.Add(row.ToType<mdbConcern>(mdbConcern.Mapping));
}

这是一个使用类型属性的属性来存储其映射的版本。我认为这是一个更自然的解决方案:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property)]
public class ColumnMappingAttribute : Attribute
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public ColumnMappingAttribute(string name)
    {
        Name = name;
    }
}
public class mdbConcern
{
    ColumnMapping("Concern_Id")]
    public Int32 ConcernId { get; set; }
    ColumnMapping("Concern")]
    public String Concern { get; set; }
}

public static class Helper
{   
    public static T ToType<T>(this DataRow row) where T : new()
    {
        T obj = new T();
        var props = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(obj);
        foreach (PropertyDescriptor prop in props)
        {
            var columnMapping = prop.Attributes.OfType<ColumnMappingAttribute>().FirstOrDefault();

            if(columnMapping != null)
            {
                if(row.Table.Columns.IndexOf(columnMapping.Name) >= 0 
                    && row[columnMapping.Name].GetType() == prop.PropertyType)
                {               
                    prop.SetValue(obj, row[columnMapping.Name]);
                }
            }
        }
        return obj;
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

除了@Sorax的答案。我增强了ToType方法以支持Nullable<>类型成员(使用字段而不是属性和TypeInfo而不是TypeDescriptor)。它将整个DataTable对象作为参数并返回IList

    protected IList<TResult> TableToList<TResult>(DataTable table) where TResult : new()
    {
        var result = new List<TResult>(table.Rows.Count);

        var fields = typeof(TResult).GetTypeInfo().DeclaredFields;

        TResult obj;
        Object colVal;
        var columns = table.Columns;
        var nullableTypeDefinition = typeof(Nullable<>);
        var dbNullType = typeof(DBNull);
        Type[] genericArguments;

        foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
        {
            obj = new TResult();

            foreach (var f in fields)
            {
                if (columns.Contains(f.Name))
                {
                    colVal = row[f.Name];
                    if (colVal.GetType() == f.FieldType)
                    {
                        f.SetValue(obj, colVal);
                    }
                    else if (colVal.GetType() != dbNullType && f.FieldType.IsGenericType && 
                             f.FieldType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == nullableTypeDefinition)
                    {
                            genericArguments = f.FieldType.GetGenericArguments();

                            if (genericArguments.Length > 0 && genericArguments[0] == colVal.GetType())
                            {
                                f.SetValue(obj, colVal);
                            }
                    }
                }
            }

            result.Add(obj);
        }

        return result;
    }