ruby 1.8.7 (2011-06-30 patchlevel 352) [i686-linux] Chef: 0.10.8 {"run_list":["recipe[users::sysadmins]"]} 我会使用食谱“users”通过chef-solo创建用户帐户。 但是发生了错误，就像这样。
FATAL: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) had an error: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: I cannot read /etc/chef/client.pem, which you told me to use to sign requests!
vagrant@lucid32:/tmp/vagrant-chef-1$ ruby --version
ruby 1.8.7 (2011-06-30 patchlevel 352) [i686-linux]
vagrant@lucid32:/tmp/vagrant-chef-1$ chef-solo -v
Chef: 0.10.8
vagrant@lucid32:/tmp/vagrant-chef-1$ cat /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/solo.rb
file_cache_path "/tmp/vagrant-chef-1"
cookbook_path ["/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks", "/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/cookbooks/cookbooks"]
role_path nil
log_level :debug
vagrant@lucid32:/tmp/vagrant-chef-1$ cat /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/dna.json
{"run_list":["recipe[users::sysadmins]"]}
vagrant@lucid32:/tmp/vagrant-chef-1$ sudo chef-solo -c solo.rb -j dna.json
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:48 -0700] INFO: *** Chef 0.10.8 ***
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Building node object for lucid32
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Extracting run list from JSON attributes provided on command line
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Setting the run_list to ["recipe[users::sysadmins]"] from JSON
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Applying attributes from json file
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Platform is ubuntu version 10.04
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Run List is [recipe[users::sysadmins]]
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Run List expands to [users::sysadmins]
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Starting Chef Run for lucid32
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Running start handlers
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Start handlers complete.
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: No chefignore file found at /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/chefignore no files will be ignored
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: No chefignore file found at /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/cookbooks/cookbooks/chefignore no files will be ignored
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loading cookbook users's providers from /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/providers/manage.rb
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loaded contents of /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/providers/manage.rb into a provider named users_manage defined in Chef::Provider::UsersManage
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loading cookbook users's resources from /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/resources/manage.rb
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loaded contents of /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/resources/manage.rb into a resource named users_manage defined in Chef::Resource::UsersManage
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loading Recipe users::sysadmins via include_recipe
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Found recipe sysadmins in cookbook users
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Loading from cookbook_path: /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks, /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/cookbooks/cookbooks
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Converging node lucid32
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Processing users_manage[sysadmin] on lucid32
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] INFO: Processing users_manage[sysadmin] action remove (users::sysadmins line 23)
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] WARN: Failed to read the private key /etc/chef/client.pem: #<Errno::ENOENT: No such file or directory - /etc/chef/client.pem>
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] ERROR: users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) has had an error
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] ERROR: users_manage[sysadmin] (/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/recipes/sysadmins.rb:23:in `from_file') had an error:
users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) had an error: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: I cannot read /etc/chef/client.pem, which you told me to use to sign requests!
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:62:in `load_signing_key'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:33:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `search'
/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/providers/manage.rb:27:in `class_from_file'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `instance_eval'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `action_remove'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `send'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:45:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `each'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:94:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call_iterator_block'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:85:in `step'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:104:in `iterate'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:55:in `each_with_index'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:92:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:76:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:312:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:160:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:192:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `loop'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application.rb:67:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/chef-solo:25
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19:in `load'
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] ERROR: Running exception handlers
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] ERROR: Exception handlers complete
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Re-raising exception: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing - users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) had an error: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: I cannot read /etc/chef/client.pem, which you told me to use to sign requests!
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:62:in `load_signing_key'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:33:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `search'
/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/providers/manage.rb:27:in `class_from_file'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `instance_eval'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `action_remove'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `send'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:45:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `each'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:94:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call_iterator_block'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:85:in `step'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:104:in `iterate'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:55:in `each_with_index'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:92:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:76:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:312:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:160:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:192:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `loop'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application.rb:67:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/chef-solo:25
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19:in `load'
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] FATAL: Stacktrace dumped to /tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-stacktrace.out
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] DEBUG: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) had an error: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: I cannot read /etc/chef/client.pem, which you told me to use to sign requests!
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:62:in `load_signing_key'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest/auth_credentials.rb:33:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/rest.rb:47:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/search/query.rb:34:in `initialize'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `new'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/mixin/language.rb:133:in `search'
/tmp/vagrant-chef-1/chef-solo-1/cookbooks/users/providers/manage.rb:27:in `class_from_file'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `instance_eval'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/provider.rb:104:in `action_remove'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `send'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource.rb:440:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:45:in `run_action'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `each'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:81:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:94:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:116:in `call_iterator_block'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:85:in `step'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:104:in `iterate'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection/stepable_iterator.rb:55:in `each_with_index'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/resource_collection.rb:92:in `execute_each_resource'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/runner.rb:76:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:312:in `converge'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/client.rb:160:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:192:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `loop'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application/solo.rb:183:in `run_application'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/../lib/chef/application.rb:67:in `run'
/opt/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/chef-0.10.8/bin/chef-solo:25
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19:in `load'
/opt/ruby/bin//chef-solo:19
[Mon, 26 Mar 2012 17:54:49 -0700] FATAL: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: users_manage[sysadmin] (users::sysadmins line 23) had an error: Chef::Exceptions::PrivateKeyMissing: I cannot read /etc/chef/client.pem, which you told me to use to sign requests!
答案 0 :(得分：15)
最后，我成功创建了一个名为chef-solo和data_bags的帐户。
它需要：
食谱。
请参阅https://github.com/niku/vagrant_config_files/tree/minimum_set
答案 1 :(得分：14)
Opscode的“用户”食谱依赖于使用以服务器为中心的功能进行用户管理，即数据包和搜索。它不是设计或打算与Chef Solo一起使用。
users_manage配方中使用的users::sysadmins资源针对users数据包运行Chef搜索查询。当配方运行时，它会尝试连接到服务器，这就是为什么它正在查找/etc/chef/client.pem - 以使用Chef服务器进行身份验证。既然你没有，那就失败了。
更新
现在有一本食谱可以为Chef Solo添加“类似搜索”的功能，可能对使用“用户”食谱感兴趣。
请注意，“用户”食谱currently会检查Chef Solo，如果检测到则不会运行。这是最近通过foodcritic传递linting支票的努力的一部分，每FC003。版本1.1.2 of the users cookbook不包含此更改（master branch中的 ）
答案 2 :(得分：10)
最好使用this cookbook。它提供更灵活的用户资源。 例如：
user_account 'hsolo' do comment 'Han Solo' # keys for file ~/.ssh/authorized keys ssh_keys ['3dc348d9af8027df7b9c...', '2154d3734d609eb5c452...'] end
用户的ssh键和其他prefs将自动生成。
答案 3 :(得分：7)
您可以使用user resource创建本地用户，例如：
user "random" do
comment "Random User"
uid 1000
gid "users"
home "/home/random"
shell "/bin/zsh"
password "$1$JJsvHslV$szsCjVEroftprNn4JHtDi."
end