我正在进行C编程入门课程，我们被分配编写了一个Hangman程序。
在游戏中，计算机随机选择一个单词并显示它有多少个字母。用户必须通过输入他们认为可能在单词中的字母来猜测单词。此外，用户只有六次机会才能正确理解这个词。每次错误的猜测都会完成被绞死的图片。该程序需要有一个主菜单，其中包含三个选项（新游戏，得分和退出）。该计划还需要具备以下三个功能：
当我运行游戏而不是向破折号显示虚线应该只是说（null）的行时，会出现问题。但图片仍然显示。
我对可能造成这种情况的原因感到困惑。以下是我到目前为止的情况：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
char selectWord(char []);
int drawMan(int);
void checkWord(char, char [], char [], int, int);
int main()
{
int menuSelect;
int chances = 0;
char word[13];
int length;
int score;
do
{
printf("\n\t\t\tThe Hangman Game v1.0 has booted\n\n");
printf("\t\t[1]\t Create new game\n");
printf("\t\t[2]\t View Score\n");
printf("\t\t[3]\t Exit game\n");
printf("Please enter a number from the menu: ");
scanf("%d", &menuSelect);
switch(menuSelect)
{
case 1:
selectWord(word);
length = strlen(word);
char dash[20]; //Will create dashes considering the length of the selected word
int dashCount;
int letterTry;
int wordMatch = 0;
for(dashCount = 0; dashCount < length; dashCount++)
{
dash[dashCount] = '-';
}
dash[dashCount] = '\0';
while(wordMatch != 1)
{
drawMan(chances);
printf("\n%s", dash[dashCount]);
printf("\n\nPlease enter a letter: ");
fflush(NULL);
while(letterTry != '\n')
{
letterTry = getchar();
}
letterTry = getchar();
if(strcmp(dash, word) == 0)
{
printf("\nThat is correct!\n");
wordMatch = 1;
score++;
}
}
break;
case 2:
printf("The score is: %d", score);
break;
case 3:
printf("Thank you for playing!");
break;
}
}while(menuSelect != 3);
}
char selectWord(char word[])
{
int index;
char list[65][13]={{"sailboat"}, {"school"}, {"rug"}, {"chalk"}, {"tusk"}, {"camera"}, {"pajamas"}, {"cello"}, {"cake"}, {"beehive"}, {"gate"}, {"swing"}, {"lighthouse"}, {"toe"}, {"newspaper"}, {"stingray"}, {"brain"}, {"french"}, {"purse"}, {"soda"}, {"money"}, {"dryer"}, {"scale"}, {"clam"}, {"knee"}, {"artist"}, {"stomach"}, {"ticket"}, {"face"}, {"TV"}, {"can"}, {"blowfish"}, {"popsicle"}, {"beaver"}, {"snowball"}, {"dollar"}, {"sprinkler"}, {"hair"}, {"bathroom"}, {"rain"}, {"skirt"}, {"beach"}, {"suitcase"}, {"garden"}, {"doormat"}, {"pretzel"}, {"watering"}, {"fur"}, {"birthday"}, {"fries"}, {"owl"}, {"chin"}, {"spool"}, {"mushroom"}, {"peach"}, {"pelican"}, {"pineapple"}, {"flagpole"}, {"doghouse"}, {"boot"}, {"flute"}, {"quilt"}, {"hook"}, {"rainbow"}, {"happy"}};
srand(time(NULL));
index = rand()%65;
strcpy(word, list[index]);
return word;
}
int drawMan(int chances)
{
if(chances == 6)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 5)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 4)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 3)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 2)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 1)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | /");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 0)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | / \\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
printf("\n\n\t You have lost!");
}
}
void checkWord(char ltrTry, char word[], char dash[], int length, int chances)
{
int count;
int correct = 0; // 0 is incorrect 1 is correct
for(count = 0; count < length; count++)
{
if(ltrTry == word[count])
{
dash[count] = word[count];
correct = 1;
}
}
}
更新＃1：谢谢大家对破折号字符串的修复。在破折号数组中添加空字符可修复破折号问题。我在我的主函数中添加了一个新变量到案例1，名为＆＃34; wordMatch＆＃34;并使其成为while循环的控制变量，因为它可以使单词正确并退出循环而不会耗尽所有机会。但似乎出现了一个新的问题。当选择新游戏时，刽子手会显示两次，输入错误的字母时，机会的数量不会改变，刽子手的形象也不会改变（给我无限的玩法）。但是，一旦我正确猜出这个词，循环就会正确退出。为什么会发生这种情况？
更新＃2：我已更正代码并使其正确执行。现在唯一的问题似乎是案例1没有中断，因为它在letter环中陷入了while循环。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
实际上有两个问题。分配短划线后，请确保使用\0终止字符串，如下所示：
for(dashCount = 0; dashCount < length; dashCount++)
{
dash[dashCount] = '-';
}
dash[dashCount] = '\0';
在while循环中，打印：
printf("\n%s", dash);
而不是：
printf("\n%s", dash[dashCount]);
此外，每次尝试后都不会更新chances值。您可以通过使checkWord函数返回correct并根据该值更新机会计数来执行此操作，如下所示：
int checkWord(char ltrTry, char word[], char dash[], int length, int trys)
{
...
return correct;
}
在循环中，不要只是调用函数，而是执行以下操作：
if(!checkWord(letterTry, word, dash, length, chances))
{
chances++;
}
我能看到的另一个问题是在读取letterTry值时。在使用letterTry函数之后读取字符（在本例中为scanf）时，\n字符将存储在变量中。然后程序不会提示您输入其他内容。在你的情况下，玩家将无缘无故地失去一次机会。解决此问题的最简单方法是执行以下操作：
while(letterTry != '\n')
letterTry = getchar();
并且，一旦玩家得到正确答案，就从主循环中断开。
if(strcmp(dash, word) == 0)
{
printf("You Won!");
score++;
break;
}
正确理解上述解决方案后，请仔细阅读以下解决方案：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
char selectWord(char[]);
int drawMan(int);
int checkWord(char, char[], char[], int);
int main()
{
int menuSelect;
int chances = 0;
char word[13];
int length;
int score;
do
{
printf("\n\t\t\tThe Hangman Game v1.0 has booted\n\n");
printf("\t\t[1]\t Create new game\n");
printf("\t\t[2]\t View Score\n");
printf("\t\t[3]\t Exit game\n");
printf("Please enter a number from the menu: ");
scanf("%d", &menuSelect);
switch(menuSelect)
{
case 1:
selectWord(word);
length = strlen(word);
char dash[20]; //Will create dashes considering the length of the selected word
int dashCount;
int letterTry;
for(dashCount = 0; dashCount < length; dashCount++)
{
dash[dashCount] = '-';
}
dash[dashCount] = '\0';
chances = 0;
while(chances != 6)
{
drawMan(chances);
printf("\n%s\n", dash);
printf("chances = %d\n", chances);
printf("\n\nPlease enter a letter: ");
fflush(NULL);
//scanf("%c%c", &letterTry, &letterTry);
while(letterTry != '\n')
letterTry = getchar();
letterTry = getchar();
if(!checkWord(letterTry, word, dash, length))
{
chances++;
}
if(strcmp(dash, word) == 0)
{
printf("You Won!");
score++;
break;
}
}
break;
case 2:
printf("The score is: %d", score);
break;
case 3:
printf("Thank you for playing!");
break;
}
}while(menuSelect != 3);
}
char selectWord(char word[])
{
int index;
char list[65][13]={{"sailboat"}, {"school"}, {"rug"}, {"chalk"}, {"tusk"}, {"camera"}, {"pajamas"}, {"cello"}, {"cake"}, {"beehive"}, {"gate"}, {"swing"}, {"lighthouse"}, {"toe"}, {"newspaper"}, {"stingray"}, {"brain"}, {"french"}, {"purse"}, {"soda"}, {"money"}, {"dryer"}, {"scale"}, {"clam"}, {"knee"}, {"artist"}, {"stomach"}, {"ticket"}, {"face"}, {"TV"}, {"can"}, {"blowfish"}, {"popsicle"}, {"beaver"}, {"snowball"}, {"dollar"}, {"sprinkler"}, {"hair"}, {"bathroom"}, {"rain"}, {"skirt"}, {"beach"}, {"suitcase"}, {"garden"}, {"doormat"}, {"pretzel"}, {"watering"}, {"fur"}, {"birthday"}, {"fries"}, {"owl"}, {"chin"}, {"spool"}, {"mushroom"}, {"peach"}, {"pelican"}, {"pineapple"}, {"flagpole"}, {"doghouse"}, {"boot"}, {"flute"}, {"quilt"}, {"hook"}, {"rainbow"}, {"happy"}};
srand(time(NULL));
index = rand()%65;
strcpy(word, list[index]);
return word;
}
int drawMan(int chances)
{
if(chances == 0)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 1)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n |");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 2)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 3)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 4)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 5)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | /");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
}
else if(chances == 6)
{
printf("\n\n");
printf("\n +-------+");
printf("\n | |");
printf("\n | O");
printf("\n | /|\\");
printf("\n | / \\");
printf("\n | ");
printf("\n /|\\\n\n");
printf("\n\n\t You have lost!");
}
printf("print complete; exiting successfully");
}
int checkWord(char ltrTry, char word[], char dash[], int length)
{
int count;
int correct = 0; // 0 is incorrect 1 is correct
for(count = 0; count < length; count++)
{
if(ltrTry == word[count])
{
dash[count] = word[count];
correct = 1;
}
}
/* if(correct == 0)
{
trys--;
} */
return correct;
}