从字节数组中读取C#中的C / C ++数据结构

时间:2008-08-05 21:19:03

标签: c# .net data-structures marshalling

从byte []数组填充C#结构的最佳方法是什么?数据来自C / C ++结构? C结构看起来像这样(我的C很生锈):

typedef OldStuff {
    CHAR Name[8];
    UInt32 User;
    CHAR Location[8];
    UInt32 TimeStamp;
    UInt32 Sequence;
    CHAR Tracking[16];
    CHAR Filler[12];
}

并填写这样的内容:

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit, Size = 56, Pack = 1)]
public struct NewStuff
{
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)]
    [FieldOffset(0)]
    public string Name;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
    [FieldOffset(8)]
    public uint User;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)]
    [FieldOffset(12)]
    public string Location;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
    [FieldOffset(20)]
    public uint TimeStamp;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
    [FieldOffset(24)]
    public uint Sequence;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 16)]
    [FieldOffset(28)]
    public string Tracking;
}

如果将OldStuff作为byte []数组传递,将NewStuff复制到OldStuff的最佳方法是什么?

我目前正在做类似以下的事情,但感觉有点笨拙。

GCHandle handle;
NewStuff MyStuff;

int BufferSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NewStuff));
byte[] buff = new byte[BufferSize];

Array.Copy(SomeByteArray, 0, buff, 0, BufferSize);

handle = GCHandle.Alloc(buff, GCHandleType.Pinned);

MyStuff = (NewStuff)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(NewStuff));

handle.Free();

有没有更好的方法来实现这个目标?


使用BinaryReader类提供内存并使用Marshal.PtrStructure可以带来性能提升吗?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:96)

从我在该上下文中看到的内容,您不需要将SomeByteArray复制到缓冲区中。您只需要从SomeByteArray获取句柄,将其固定,使用IntPtr复制PtrToStructure数据,然后释放。无需复印件。

那将是:

NewStuff ByteArrayToNewStuff(byte[] bytes)
{
    GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(bytes, GCHandleType.Pinned);
    try
    {
        NewStuff stuff = (NewStuff)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(NewStuff));
    }
    finally
    {
        handle.Free();
    }
    return stuff;
}

通用版本:

T ByteArrayToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes) where T: struct 
{
    T stuff;
    GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(bytes, GCHandleType.Pinned);
    try
    {
        stuff = (T)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(T));
    }
    finally
    {
        handle.Free();
    }
    return stuff;
}

更简单的版本(需要unsafe切换):

unsafe T ByteArrayToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes) where T : struct
{
    fixed (byte* ptr = &bytes[0])
    {
        return (T)Marshal.PtrToStructure((IntPtr)ptr, typeof(T));
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:8)

以下是accepted answer的异常安全版本:

public static T ByteArrayToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes) where T : struct
{
    var handle = GCHandle.Alloc(bytes, GCHandleType.Pinned);
    try {
        return (T) Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(T));
    }
    finally {
        handle.Free();
    }
}

答案 2 :(得分:4)

注意包装问题。在示例中,您给出了所有字段都处于明显的偏移量,因为一切都在4字节边界上,但情况并非总是如此。默认情况下,Visual C ++打包为8字节边界。

答案 3 :(得分:3)

object ByteArrayToStructure(byte[] bytearray, object structureObj, int position)
{
    int length = Marshal.SizeOf(structureObj);
    IntPtr ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(length);
    Marshal.Copy(bytearray, 0, ptr, length);
    structureObj = Marshal.PtrToStructure(Marshal.UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement(bytearray, position), structureObj.GetType());
    Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ptr);
    return structureObj;
}   

有这个

答案 4 :(得分:0)

如果你有一个byte [],你应该能够使用BinaryReader类并使用可用的ReadX方法在NewStuff上设置值。