更新 ：即使我已从我的sqlite3和Gemfile中完全删除Gemfile.lock gem ，它仍然安装在heroku上。
我试图将我的Rails应用程序部署到Heroku，甚至我按照说明操作，我得到了臭名昭着的sqlite3错误：
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
remote:
remote: /tmp/build_dfa00c2b50bad4da069069454f39d2b2/vendor/ruby-2.2.4/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20160925-219-11i619z.rb extconf.rb
remote: checking for sqlite3.h... no
remote: sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'port install sqlite3 +universal',
remote: 'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'
remote: and check your shared library search path (the
remote: location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).
remote: *** extconf.rb failed ***
remote: Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
remote: libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
remote: need configuration options.
remote:
remote: Provided configuration options:
remote: --with-opt-dir
remote: --without-opt-dir
remote: --with-opt-include
remote: --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
remote: --with-opt-lib
remote: --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
remote: --with-make-prog
remote: --without-make-prog
remote: --srcdir=.
remote: --curdir
remote: --ruby=/tmp/build_dfa00c2b50bad4da069069454f39d2b2/vendor/ruby-2.2.4/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
remote: --with-sqlite3-dir
remote: --without-sqlite3-dir
remote: --with-sqlite3-include
remote: --without-sqlite3-include=${sqlite3-dir}/include
remote: --with-sqlite3-lib
remote: --without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib
remote:
remote: extconf failed, exit code 1
remote:
remote: Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/build_dfa00c2b50bad4da069069454f39d2b2/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.11 for inspection.
remote: Results logged to /tmp/build_dfa00c2b50bad4da069069454f39d2b2/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.2.0-static/sqlite3-1.3.11/gem_make.out
remote: Installing websocket-driver 0.6.4 with native extensions
remote: Installing rack-test 0.6.3
remote: Installing nokogiri 1.6.8 with native extensions
remote: Installing warden 1.2.6
remote: Installing sprockets 3.7.0
remote: Installing mime-types 3.1
remote: Installing coffee-script 2.4.1
remote: Installing uglifier 3.0.2
remote: Installing turbolinks 5.0.1
remote: Installing less 2.6.0
remote: Installing activesupport 5.0.0.1
remote: An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.3.11), and Bundler cannot
remote: continue.
remote: Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.3.11'` succeeds before bundling.
remote: !
remote: ! Failed to install gems via Bundler.
remote: !
remote: ! Detected sqlite3 gem which is not supported on Heroku.
remote: ! https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/sqlite3
remote: !
remote: ! Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app.
remote:
remote: ! Push failed
问题在于我与类似项目具有完全相同的Gemfile和Gemfile.lock，并且已成功部署到Heroku。
这是我的Gemfile：
source 'https://rubygems.org'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0.0', '>= 5.0.0.1'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.0'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby
# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development
gem 'shotgun', '~> 0.9.2'
group :development, :test do
# Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
gem 'byebug', platform: :mri
end
group :development do
# Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
gem 'web-console'
gem 'listen', '~> 3.0.5'
# Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
gem 'spring'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg'
end
gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails', :git => 'git://github.com/seyhunak/twitter-bootstrap-rails.git'
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
gem 'font-awesome-rails'
gem 'simple_form'
gem 'devise'
我的Gemfile.lock，确实包含sqlite3宝石：
GIT
remote: git://github.com/seyhunak/twitter-bootstrap-rails.git
revision: d3776ddd0b89d28fdebfd6e1c1541348cc90e5cc
specs:
twitter-bootstrap-rails (3.2.2)
actionpack (>= 3.1)
execjs (>= 2.2.2, >= 2.2)
less-rails (>= 2.5.0)
railties (>= 3.1)
GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs:
actioncable (5.0.0.1)
actionpack (= 5.0.0.1)
nio4r (~> 1.2)
websocket-driver (~> 0.6.1)
actionmailer (5.0.0.1)
actionpack (= 5.0.0.1)
actionview (= 5.0.0.1)
activejob (= 5.0.0.1)
mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
actionpack (5.0.0.1)
actionview (= 5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
rack (~> 2.0)
rack-test (~> 0.6.3)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
actionview (5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
builder (~> 3.1)
erubis (~> 2.7.0)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
activejob (5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
globalid (>= 0.3.6)
activemodel (5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
activerecord (5.0.0.1)
activemodel (= 5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
arel (~> 7.0)
activesupport (5.0.0.1)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
i18n (~> 0.7)
minitest (~> 5.1)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
arel (7.1.2)
bcrypt (3.1.11)
builder (3.2.2)
byebug (9.0.5)
coffee-rails (4.2.1)
coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
railties (>= 4.0.0, < 5.2.x)
coffee-script (2.4.1)
coffee-script-source
execjs
coffee-script-source (1.10.0)
commonjs (0.2.7)
concurrent-ruby (1.0.2)
debug_inspector (0.0.2)
devise (4.2.0)
bcrypt (~> 3.0)
orm_adapter (~> 0.1)
railties (>= 4.1.0, < 5.1)
responders
warden (~> 1.2.3)
erubis (2.7.0)
execjs (2.7.0)
ffi (1.9.14)
font-awesome-rails (4.6.3.1)
railties (>= 3.2, < 5.1)
geocoder (1.4.0)
globalid (0.3.7)
activesupport (>= 4.1.0)
gravatarify (3.0.0)
i18n (0.7.0)
jbuilder (2.6.0)
activesupport (>= 3.0.0, < 5.1)
multi_json (~> 1.2)
jquery-rails (4.2.1)
rails-dom-testing (>= 1, < 3)
railties (>= 4.2.0)
thor (>= 0.14, < 2.0)
less (2.6.0)
commonjs (~> 0.2.7)
less-rails (2.7.1)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
less (~> 2.6.0)
sprockets (> 2, < 4)
tilt
listen (3.0.8)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
loofah (2.0.3)
nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
mail (2.6.4)
mime-types (>= 1.16, < 4)
method_source (0.8.2)
mime-types (3.1)
mime-types-data (~> 3.2015)
mime-types-data (3.2016.0521)
mini_portile2 (2.1.0)
minitest (5.9.0)
multi_json (1.12.1)
nio4r (1.2.1)
nokogiri (1.6.8)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.1.0)
pkg-config (~> 1.1.7)
orm_adapter (0.5.0)
pg (0.19.0)
pkg-config (1.1.7)
puma (3.6.0)
rack (2.0.1)
rack-test (0.6.3)
rack (>= 1.0)
rails (5.0.0.1)
actioncable (= 5.0.0.1)
actionmailer (= 5.0.0.1)
actionpack (= 5.0.0.1)
actionview (= 5.0.0.1)
activejob (= 5.0.0.1)
activemodel (= 5.0.0.1)
activerecord (= 5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
bundler (>= 1.3.0, < 2.0)
railties (= 5.0.0.1)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
rails-dom-testing (2.0.1)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0, < 6.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.6.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.0.3)
loofah (~> 2.0)
railties (5.0.0.1)
actionpack (= 5.0.0.1)
activesupport (= 5.0.0.1)
method_source
rake (>= 0.8.7)
thor (>= 0.18.1, < 2.0)
rake (11.3.0)
rb-fsevent (0.9.7)
rb-inotify (0.9.7)
ffi (>= 0.5.0)
responders (2.3.0)
railties (>= 4.2.0, < 5.1)
sass (3.4.22)
sass-rails (5.0.6)
railties (>= 4.0.0, < 6)
sass (~> 3.1)
sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
simple_form (3.3.1)
actionpack (> 4, < 5.1)
activemodel (> 4, < 5.1)
spring (1.7.2)
spring-watcher-listen (2.0.0)
listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
spring (~> 1.2)
sprockets (3.7.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
rack (> 1, < 3)
sprockets-rails (3.2.0)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
activesupport (>= 4.0)
sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
sqlite3 (1.3.11)
thor (0.19.1)
thread_safe (0.3.5)
tilt (2.0.5)
turbolinks (5.0.1)
turbolinks-source (~> 5)
turbolinks-source (5.0.0)
tzinfo (1.2.2)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
uglifier (3.0.2)
execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
warden (1.2.6)
rack (>= 1.0)
web-console (3.3.1)
actionview (>= 5.0)
activemodel (>= 5.0)
debug_inspector
railties (>= 5.0)
websocket-driver (0.6.4)
websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
websocket-extensions (0.1.2)
PLATFORMS
ruby
DEPENDENCIES
byebug
coffee-rails (~> 4.2)
devise
font-awesome-rails
geocoder
gravatarify (~> 3.0.0)
jbuilder (~> 2.5)
jquery-rails
listen (~> 3.0.5)
pg
puma (~> 3.0)
rails (~> 5.0.0, >= 5.0.0.1)
sass-rails (~> 5.0)
simple_form
spring
spring-watcher-listen (~> 2.0.0)
sqlite3
turbolinks (~> 5)
twitter-bootstrap-rails!
tzinfo-data
uglifier (>= 1.3.0)
web-console
BUNDLED WITH
1.13.1
感谢您的帮助！
答案 0 :(得分：1)
sqlite 3 gem无法在heroku中安装。它是一个默认使用Rails的示例数据库。在生产的情况下，您将不得不使用一些高级数据库。请查看此链接以获取更多信息https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/sqlite3
答案 1 :(得分：1)
不幸的是，我试图在没有提交更改的情况下推送到heroku。谢谢大家的帮助！
答案 2 :(得分：0)
Heroku提供Postgresql数据库作为您应用的服务。阅读here，为什么在生产模式下使用sqlite3不是一个好主意。
因此，您需要将Gemfile更改为以下内容：
group :production do
# postgresql
gem 'pg'
# enabling features such as static asset serving and logging on Heroku
gem 'rails_12factor'
end
group :development, :test do
# SQLite3 Database
gem 'sqlite3'
...
end