Question

我正在尝试编写一个简单的Ansible Playbook，请查看下面的代码段。使用Ansible 2.4.0.0，Ubuntu 17.04，Python 2.7.13。这是我第一次使用Ansible和Playbooks，所以请不要太苛刻。我做错了什么？

playbook.yml

---
- name: install packages
  hosts: dbservers
  become: yes
  become_method: sudo
  become_user: user

  tasks:
  - name: Update repositories cache and install "python-minimal" package
  apt:
    name: python-minimal
    update_cache: yes

主持文件

 ---
 [dbservers]
 db ansible_host=127.0.0.1 ansible_port=22 ansible_user=user ansible_ssh_pass=pass ansible_become_pass=pass ansible_become_user=user

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts playbook.yml -vvv

上面的命令返回以下错误：

The full traceback is:
  File "/tmp/ansible_yozgsn/ansible_module_apt.py", line 287, in <module>
    import apt

fatal: [db]: FAILED! => {
    "changed": false, 
    "cmd": "apt-get update", 
    "failed": true, 
    "invocation": {
        "module_args": {
            "allow_unauthenticated": false, 
            "autoclean": false, 
            "autoremove": false, 
            "cache_valid_time": 0, 
            "deb": null, 
            "default_release": null, 
            "dpkg_options": "force-confdef,force-confold", 
            "force": false, 
            "force_apt_get": false, 
            "install_recommends": null, 
            "name": "python-minimal", 
            "only_upgrade": false, 
            "package": [
                "python-minimal"
            ], 
            "purge": false, 
            "state": "present", 
            "update_cache": true, 
            "upgrade": null
        }
    }, 
    "msg": "W: chmod 0700 of directory /var/lib/apt/lists/partial failed - SetupAPTPartialDirectory (1: Operation not permitted)\nE: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied)\nE: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/\nW: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)\nW: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)", 
    "rc": 100, 
    "stderr": "W: chmod 0700 of directory /var/lib/apt/lists/partial failed - SetupAPTPartialDirectory (1: Operation not permitted)\nE: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied)\nE: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/\nW: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)\nW: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)\n", 
    "stderr_lines": [
        "W: chmod 0700 of directory /var/lib/apt/lists/partial failed - SetupAPTPartialDirectory (1: Operation not permitted)", 
        "E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied)", 
        "E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/", 
        "W: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)", 
        "W: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)"
    ], 
    "stdout": "Reading package lists...\n", 
    "stdout_lines": [
        "Reading package lists..."
    ]
}

编辑：如果我通过SSH连接到同一台机器，我可以手动更新apt-cache并使用相同的用户安装软件包（使用sudo）。如果我在Playbook中运行命令'whoami'，则返回预期结果（用户名）。

Answer 1

如果您的用户具有sudo访问权限，请使用become: -

tasks:
  - name: Update repositories cache and install "python-minimal" package
    become: yes
    apt:
      name: python-minimal
      update_cache: yes

Answer 2

我认为你让become_user和remote_user感到困惑。 remote_user是用户Ansible将用于ssh到服务器的用户，而become_user是用户Ansible将在服务器上切换到并运行任务的用户。您可以在Ansible's docs内找到有关become_user和remote_user的更多信息。

所以这里发生的事情是你的剧本试图成为＆＃34;用户＆＃34;用户和安装包。它不是以root身份安装软件包，这是您所需要的。要解决此问题，您可以从您的剧本中删除become_user参数（become_user默认为root），也可以为您的任务添加become_user参数。

- name: Update repositories cache and install "python-minimal" package
  apt:
    name: python-minimal
    update_cache: yes
  become_user: root

尝试使用Ansible安装软件包时如何修复权限被拒绝错误？

2 个答案: