我正在学习如何在pygame中制作游戏，然后使用AI进行游戏。我正在尝试通过看一些YouTube教程来构建一个飞扬的小鸟AI游戏
我已经在类Bird中定义了此方法
def get_mask(self):
return pygame.mask.from_surface(self.img)
我在Pipe类中叫它
def collide(self, bird, win):
bird_mask=bird.get_mask(self.img)
但是，出现以下错误
AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'get_mask'
我尝试了几种方法来解决此问题，但是我似乎无法理解我做错了什么。
这是完整的代码
import pygame
import random
import pickle
import neat
import time
import os
pygame.font.init()
WIN_WIDTH = 600
WIN_HEIGHT = 800
WIN = pygame.display.set_mode((WIN_WIDTH, WIN_HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Flappy Bird AI")
PIPE_IMG = pygame.transform.scale2x(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("imgs","pipe.png")).convert_alpha())
BG_IMG = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("imgs","bg.png")).convert_alpha(), (600, 900))
BIRD_IMGS = [pygame.transform.scale2x(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("imgs","bird" + str(x) + ".png"))) for x in range(1,4)]
BASE_IMG = pygame.transform.scale2x(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("imgs","base.png")).convert_alpha())
STAT_FONT = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans",50)
class Bird:
IMGS = BIRD_IMGS
MAX_ROTATION = 25
ROT_VEL = 20
ANIMATION_TIME = 5
def __init__(self,x,y):
self.x = x #Starting position
self.y = y #Starting position
self.tilt = 0 #Amount of image tilt. Start at 0
self.tick_count = 0 #Jumping and falling of bird
self.vel = 0 #Start at 0 because bird is not moving
self.height = self.y
self.img_count = 0 #Choose which image to show
self.img = self.IMGS[0] #Reference BIRD_IMGS to show image. Start with the 1st
def jump(self):
self.vel = -10.5 #Negative velocity makes the bird go up
self.tick_count = 0 #Keeps track of last jump
self.height = self.y #Keep track of where the bird last jumped
def move(self):
self.tick_count += 1 #Number of times moved since the last jump
#Displacement
d = self.vel*self.tick_count + 1.5*self.tick_count**2
if d >= 16: #Don't move down by more than 16
d = 16
if d < 0: #Move up a little bit more if already moving up
d -= 2
#Change y position based on displacement
self.y = self.y + d
if d < 0 or self.y < self.height + 50: #If bird is moving upwards
if self.tilt < self.MAX_ROTATION:
self.tilt=self.MAX_ROTATION
else: #If bird is moving downwards
if self.tilt > -90: #Tilt the bird 90 degrees
self.tilt -= self.ROT_VEL
def draw(self, win):
self.img_count +=1 #Number of times one image is shown
#Choose which image to show
if self.img_count < self.ANIMATION_TIME:
self.img=self.IMGS[0]
elif self.img_count < self.ANIMATION_TIME*2:
self.img=self.IMGS[1]
elif self.img_count < self.ANIMATION_TIME*3:
self.img=self.IMGS[2]
elif self.img_count < self.ANIMATION_TIME*4:
self.img=self.IMGS[1]
elif self.img_count < self.ANIMATION_TIME*4 + 1:
self.img=self.IMGS[0]
self.img_count=0
if self.tilt <= -80: #Bird going down
self.img=self.IMGS[1] #Show the img with wings leveled
self.img_count=self.ANIMATION_TIME*2 #Don't skip a frame while jumping
rotated_image=pygame.transform.rotate(self.img, self.tilt)
new_rect=rotated_image.get_rect(center=self.img.get_rect(topleft=(self.x, self.y)).center)
win.blit(rotated_image,new_rect.topleft)
def get_mask(self):
return pygame.mask.from_surface(self.img)
class Pipe():
GAP=200
VEL=5 #Velocity of pipe
def __init__(self,x): #No y because the height will be random
self.x=x
self.height=0
self.gap=100
self.top=0
self.bottom=0
self.PIPE_TOP=pygame.transform.flip(PIPE_IMG,False,True)
self.PIPE_BOTTOM=PIPE_IMG
self.passed=False
self.set_height()
self.img = self.IMGS[0]
def set_height(self): #Randomly define the top and bottom of the pipe
self.height=random.randrange(50,450)
self.top=self.height-self.PIPE_TOP.get_height()
self.bottom=self.height+self.GAP
def move(self):
self.x -= self.VEL
def draw(self,win):
win.blit(self.PIPE_TOP,(self.x,self.top))
win.blit(self.PIPE_BOTTOM,(self.x,self.bottom))
def collide(self, bird, win):
bird_mask=bird.get_mask()
top_mask=pygame.mask.from_surface(self.PIPE_TOP)
bottom_mask=pygame.mask.from_surface(self.PIPE_BOTTOM)
top_offset = (self.x - bird.x, self.top - round(bird.y))
bottom_offset = (self.x - bird.x, self.bottom - round(bird.y))
#Check collision of bird with top and bottom pipe
b_point=bird_mask.overlap(bottom_mask,bottom_offset)
t_point=bird_mask.overlap(top_mask,top_offset)
if t_point or b_point:
return True
return False
class Base:
VEL=5
WIDTH=BASE_IMG.get_width()
IMG=BASE_IMG
def __init__(self,y): #No x becase it moves to the left
self.y=y
self.x1=0 #Start first image at 0
self.x2=self.WIDTH #Start second image behind the first
def move(self):
self.x1 -= self.VEL #Image 1
self.x2 -= self.VEL #Image 2
#Cycle two images one after another if it goes off the screen
if self.x1 + self.WIDTH < 0:
self.x1=self.x2 + self.WIDTH
if self.x2 + self.WIDTH < 0:
self.x2 = self.x1 + self.WIDTH
def draw(self,win):
win.blit(self.IMG,(self.x1,self.y))
win.blit(self.IMG,(self.x2,self.y))
def draw_window(win,birds,pipes,base,score):
win.blit(BG_IMG, (0,0))
for pipe in pipes:
pipe.draw(win)
text=STAT_FONT.render("Score: " + str(score),1,(255,255,255))
win.blit(text,(WIN_WIDTH - 10 - text.get_width(),10))
base.draw(win)
for bird in birds:
bird.draw(win)
#bird.draw(win)
pygame.display.update()
def main(genomes,config):
global WIN, gen
win = WIN
#gen += 1
nets=[] #Keep track of the neural network that controls each bird
ge=[] #Keep track of each bird
#bird=Bird(230,350)
birds=[] #Create multiple birds
for _, g in genomes:
net=neat.nn.FeedForwardNetwork.create(g,config) #Create the neural network
nets.append(net) #Append NN to the list
birds.append(Bird(230,350)) #Create a bird object that starts at the same position as other birds
g.fitness=0 #Initial fitness
ge.append(g)
base=Base(730)
pipes=[Pipe(650)]
win = pygame.display.set_mode((WIN_WIDTH, WIN_HEIGHT))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
score=0
run=True
while run:
clock.tick(30)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
run=False
pygame.quit()
quit()
#In case there are 3 or more pipes on the screen at the same time, we have to still consider
#the distance of the first 2 pipes
pipe_ind=0
if len(birds) > 0:
#Change the pipe the bird is looking at to the second pipe in the list
if len(pipes) > 1 and birds[0].x > pipes[0].x + pipes[0].PIPE_TOP.get_width():
pipe_ind=1
else:
run = False
break
for x, bird in enumerate(birds):
bird.move()
ge[x].fitness += 0.1 #Give the bird some fitness so it survives for a little while
#Activate the NN with inputs
output = nets[x].activate((bird.y, abs(bird.y - pipes[pipe_ind].height), abs(bird.y - pipes[pipe_ind].bottom)))
if output[0] > 0.5:
bird.jump()
#bird.move()
add_pipe=False
rem=[]
for pipe in pipes:
for bird in enumerate(birds):
if pipe.collide(bird,win):
ge[x].fitness -= 1 #If the bird hits the pipe, deduct the score
#Remove underperforming birds and don't use them in the next interation
birds.pop(x)
nets.pop(x)
ge.pop(x)
#Check if bird has passed the pipe
if not pipe.passed and pipe.x < bird.x:
pipe.passed=True
add_pipe=True
#If pipe moves off screen append them to the removed list
if pipe.x + pipe.PIPE_TOP.get_width() < 0:
rem.append(pipe)
pipe.move()
if add_pipe:
score += 1
#Increse the fitness score
for g in ge:
g.fitness += 5
pipes.append(Pipe(650)) #Create new pipe
#Remove off screen pipes
for r in rem:
pipes.remove(r)
for x, bird in enumerate(birds):
#Check if bird hits the ground or flies all the way up
if bird.y + bird.img.get_height() >= 730 or bird.y < 0:
birds.pop(x)
nets.pop(x)
ge.pop(x)
base.move()
draw_window(win,birds,pipes,base,score)
def run(config_path):
config=neat.config.Config(neat.DefaultGenome,neat.DefaultReproduction,neat.DefaultSpeciesSet,neat.DefaultStagnation,config_path)
p=neat.Population(config)
p.add_reporter(neat.StdOutReporter(True))
stats=neat.StatisticsReporter()
p.add_reporter(stats)
winner=p.run(main,50)
if __name__ == "__main__":
local_dir=os.path.dirname(__file__)
config_path=os.path.join(local_dir,"config-feedforward.txt")
run(config_path)
感谢您的帮助。谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您在这里丢失了一些东西
for pipe in pipes:
for bird in enumerate(birds):
当您从enumerate()仅收到一个变量时，您收到的是一个元组
bird =（0，bird）
所以，当您执行
if pipe.collide(bird,win):->
bird_mask = bird.get_mask()
您实际上正在做bird_mask = (0, bird<object>).get_mask()
解决方案将更改for结构，以像您在此处一样从enumerate()接收两个vars
for x, bird in enumerate(birds):
或更改碰撞功能
bird_mask=bird[1].get_mask()