SQL Server:将多行组合成一行

时间:2011-11-04 07:00:38

标签: sql-server sql-server-2008 tsql

我有这样的SQL查询;

SELECT * 
FROM Jira.customfieldvalue
WHERE CUSTOMFIELD = 12534
AND ISSUE = 19602

这就是结果;

enter image description here

我想要的是;显示在一行(单元格)中的所有STRINGVALUE组合,并用逗号分隔。像这样;

SELECT --some process with STRINGVALUE--
FROM Jira.customfieldvalue
WHERE CUSTOMFIELD = 12534
AND ISSUE = 19602

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E-Maili, Proforma Fatura

我该怎么做?

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:75)

有几种方法。

如果只想返回合并的字符串值,这是一种快速简便的方法

DECLARE @combinedString VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @combinedString = COALESCE(@combinedString + ', ', '') + stringvalue
FROM jira.customfieldValue
WHERE customfield = 12534
    AND ISSUE = 19602

SELECT @combinedString as StringValue 

将返回您的组合字符串。

您还可以尝试其中一种XML方法,例如

SELECT DISTINCT Issue, Customfield, StringValues
FROM Jira.customfieldvalue v1
CROSS APPLY ( SELECT StringValues + ',' 
              FROM jira.customfieldvalue v2
              WHERE v2.Customfield = v1.Customfield 
                  AND v2.Issue = v1.issue 
              ORDER BY ID 
                  FOR XML PATH('') )  D ( StringValues )
WHERE customfield = 12534
    AND ISSUE = 19602

答案 1 :(得分:16)

您可以实现这一点,将XML路径和STUFF结合起来如下:

SELECT (STUFF((
        SELECT ', ' + StringValue
        FROM Jira.customfieldvalue
        WHERE CUSTOMFIELD = 12534
        AND ISSUE = 19602
        FOR XML PATH('')
        ), 1, 2, '')
    ) AS StringValue

答案 2 :(得分:9)

在MySql中有一个方便的方法叫做GROUP_CONCAT。 SQL Server的等效项不存在,但您可以使用SQLCLR编写自己的SQL Server。幸运的是someone已经为你做了这件事。

然后你的查询变成了这个(btw是一个更好的语法):

SELECT CUSTOMFIELD, ISSUE, dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(STRINGVALUE)
FROM Jira.customfieldvalue
WHERE CUSTOMFIELD = 12534 AND ISSUE = 19602
GROUP BY CUSTOMFIELD, ISSUE

但请注意,此方法适用于组内最多100行。除此之外,您将遇到重大的性能问题。 SQLCLR聚合必须序列化任何中间结果,并且很快就会积累大量工作。牢记这一点!

有趣的是,FOR XML并没有遇到同样的问题,而是使用了那种可怕的语法。

答案 3 :(得分:1)

我相信对于支持 listagg 功能的数据库,您可以这样做:

select id, issue, customfield, parentkey, listagg(stingvalue, ',') within group (order by id)
from jira.customfieldvalue
where customfield = 12534 and issue = 19602
group by id, issue, customfield, parentkey

答案 4 :(得分:0)

使用MySQL内置函数 group_concat()将是获得所需结果的不错选择。语法为 -

SELECT group_concat(STRINGVALUE) 
FROM Jira.customfieldvalue
WHERE CUSTOMFIELD = 12534
AND ISSUE = 19602

在执行上述命令之前,请确保增加 group_concat_max_len 的大小,否则整个输出可能不适合该单元格。

要设置group_concat_max_len的值,请执行以下命令 -

SET group_concat_max_len = 50000;

您可以相应地更改值50000,根据需要将其增加到更高的值。

答案 5 :(得分:0)

CREATE VIEW  [dbo].[ret_vwSalariedForReport]
AS
     WITH temp1 AS (SELECT
     salaried.*,
     operationalUnits.Title as OperationalUnitTitle
FROM
    ret_vwSalaried salaried LEFT JOIN
    prs_operationalUnitFeatures operationalUnitFeatures on salaried.[Guid] = operationalUnitFeatures.[FeatureGuid] LEFT JOIN 
    prs_operationalUnits operationalUnits ON operationalUnits.id = operationalUnitFeatures.OperationalUnitID 
    ), 
temp2 AS (SELECT
    t2.*,
    STUFF ((SELECT ' - ' + t1.OperationalUnitTitle
        FROM
            temp1 t1 
        WHERE t1.[ID] = t2.[ID]  
        For XML PATH('')), 2, 2, '') OperationalUnitTitles from temp1 t2) 
SELECT 
    [Guid],
    ID,
    Title,
    PersonnelNo,
    FirstName,
    LastName,
    FullName,
    Active,
    SSN,
    DeathDate,
    SalariedType,
    OperationalUnitTitles
FROM 
    temp2
GROUP BY 
    [Guid],
    ID,
    Title,
    PersonnelNo,
    FirstName,
    LastName,
    FullName,
    Active,
    SSN,
    DeathDate,
    SalariedType,
    OperationalUnitTitles

答案 6 :(得分:0)

declare @maxColumnCount int=0;
 declare @Query varchar(max)='';
 declare @DynamicColumnName nvarchar(MAX)='';

-- table type variable that store all values of column row no
 DECLARE @TotalRows TABLE( row_count int)
 INSERT INTO @TotalRows (row_count)
 SELECT (ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY InvoiceNo order by InvoiceNo Desc)) as row_no FROM tblExportPartProforma

-- Get the MAX value from @TotalRows table
 set @maxColumnCount= (select max(row_count) from @TotalRows)
 
-- loop to create Dynamic max/case and store it into local variable 
 DECLARE @cnt INT = 1;
 WHILE @cnt <= @maxColumnCount
 BEGIN
   set @DynamicColumnName= @DynamicColumnName + ', Max(case when row_no= '+cast(@cnt as varchar)+' then InvoiceType end )as InvoiceType'+cast(@cnt as varchar)+''
      set @DynamicColumnName= @DynamicColumnName + ', Max(case when row_no= '+cast(@cnt as varchar)+' then BankRefno end )as BankRefno'+cast(@cnt as varchar)+''
            set @DynamicColumnName= @DynamicColumnName + ', Max(case when row_no= '+cast(@cnt as varchar)+' then AmountReceived end )as AmountReceived'+cast(@cnt as varchar)+''

      set @DynamicColumnName= @DynamicColumnName + ', Max(case when row_no= '+cast(@cnt as varchar)+' then AmountReceivedDate end )as AmountReceivedDate'+cast(@cnt as varchar)+''


   SET @cnt = @cnt + 1;
END;

-- Create dynamic CTE and store it into local variable @query 
  set @Query='
     with CTE_tbl as
     (
       SELECT InvoiceNo,InvoiceType,BankRefno,AmountReceived,AmountReceivedDate,
       ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY InvoiceNo order by InvoiceNo Desc) as row_no
       FROM tblExportPartProforma
      )
  select
     InvoiceNo
     '+@DynamicColumnName+'
     FROM CTE_tbl
     group By InvoiceNo'

-- Execute the Query
 execute (@Query)

答案 7 :(得分:0)

这是一个老问题,但从 Microsoft SQL Server 2017 的发布开始,您现在可以使用 STRING_AGG() 函数,它与 MySQL 中的 GROUP_CONCAT 函数非常相似。

STRING_AGG (Transact-SQL) Documentation

示例

USE AdventureWorks2016
GO
SELECT STRING_AGG (CONVERT(NVARCHAR(max),FirstName), ',') AS csv 
FROM Person.Person; 

退货

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